Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka starch palaoa, nā ʻano hana a me nā noi huahana

ʻO ka palaoa kekahi o nā meaʻai nui loa o ka honua. Hoʻokahi hapakolu o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua e hilinaʻi i ka palaoa i kā lākou meaʻai nui. ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka palaoa ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka hana ʻana i ka starch. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu wikiwiki ka mahiʻai o koʻu ʻāina, akā ua ulu mālie ka loaʻa kālā o ka poʻe mahiʻai, a ua emi ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka palaoa. No laila, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi ala no ka palaoa o koʻu ʻāina, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palaoa, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kumukūʻai palaoa, ua lilo ia i mea nui i ka hoʻoponopono hoʻolālā ʻana o koʻu ʻāina i ka hoʻolālā mahiʻai a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hoʻomohala kūpaʻa a hoʻonohonoho ʻia o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni.
ʻO ka mea nui o ka palaoa ka starch, kahi e pili ana i ka 75% o ke kaumaha o ka palaoa a ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka endosperm palaoa palaoa. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka starch palaoa, e like me ka haʻahaʻa thermal viscosity a me ka haʻahaʻa gelatinization haʻahaʻa. ʻO ke kaʻina hana, nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika, nā noi huahana o ka starch palaoa, a me ka pilina ma waena o ka starch palaoa a me ka maikaʻi o ka palaoa i aʻo nui ʻia ma ka home a ma waho. Hōʻuluʻulu pōkole kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano o ka starch palaoa, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka ʻenehana unuhi, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka starch a me ka gluten.

1. Nā ʻano o ka mākiko palaoa
ʻO ka maʻiʻo starch i loko o ka palaoa o ka palaoa he 58% a hiki i ka 76%, ka nui ma ke ʻano o ka starch granules i loko o nā pūnaewele endosperm o ka palaoa, a ʻo ka starch ma kahi o 70%. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā granules starch he poepoe a oval, a he helu liʻiliʻi he ʻano like ʻole. E like me ka nui o ka starch granules, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka starch palaoa i ka starch nui-granule a me ka starch liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā granule nui me ke anawaena o 25 a 35 μm ua kapa ʻia ʻo A starch, e helu ana ma kahi o 93.12% o ke kaumaha maloʻo o ka starch palaoa; ʻO nā granules liʻiliʻi me ke anawaena o 2 wale nō i ka 8 μm ua kapa ʻia ʻo B starch, e helu ana ma kahi o 6.8% o ke kaumaha maloʻo o ka starch palaoa. Hoʻokaʻawale kekahi poʻe i nā granules starch palaoa i ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona e like me ka nui o ke anawaena: ʻano A (10 a 40 μm), ʻano B (1 a 10 μm) a me ke ʻano C (<1 μm), akā ʻo ke ʻano C ka mea maʻamau. ʻano B. Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ka molekala, ua haku ʻia ka starch palaoa me ka amylose a me ka amylopectin. Aia ʻo Amylopectin ma waho o nā granules starch palaoa, ʻoiai aia ka amylose i loko o nā granules starch palaoa. Aia ʻo Amylose i ka 22% a i ka 26% o ka nui o ka starch content, a ʻo ka amylopectin he 74% a 78% o ka nui o ka starch content. Loaʻa i ka palaoa starch nā hiʻohiʻona o ka haʻahaʻa viscosity a me ka haʻahaʻa gelatinization haʻahaʻa. He maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa wela o ka viscosity ma hope o ka gelatinization. Hoʻemi liʻiliʻi ka viscosity ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana. He kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika o ka gel ma hope o ka hoʻoilo.

2. Keʻano hana o ka starch palaoa

I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā hale kūʻai palaoa ma koʻu ʻāina i ke kaʻina hana hana Martin, a ʻo kāna mau mea hana nui he mīkini gluten, pale gluten, nā mea hoʻomaloʻo gluten, etc.

ʻO Gluten dryer airflow collision vortex flash dryer he mea hoʻomaloʻo mālama i ka ikehu. Hoʻohana ia i ka lanahu i wahie, a hele ka ea anuanu i loko o ka paila a lilo i ea wela maloʻo. Ua hui pū ʻia me nā mea i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o nā mea hana i kahi mokuʻāina i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, no laila e holo i mua ke kinoea a me nā ʻāpana paʻa i ka wikiwiki pili kiʻekiʻe, a i ka manawa like e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka maloʻo mea.

3. Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka starch palaoa

Hana ʻia ka mākiko palaoa mai ka palaoa palaoa. E like me kā mākou ʻike a pau, ua waiwai koʻu ʻāina i ka palaoa, a ua lawa kāna mau mea maka, a hiki ke hana ʻia a puni ka makahiki.

He laulā ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka starch palaoa. Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia no ka hana 'ana i ka vermicelli a me ka raiki noodle wrappers, a ua ho'ohana nui 'ia i loko o ka 'oihana lapa'au, 'oihana kemika, pepa, etc. ʻO nā mea kōkua o ka mākū palaoa - gluten, hiki ke hana ʻia i ʻano kīʻaha like ʻole, a hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā sausages meaʻai hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia. Inā maloʻo ia i loko o ka pauka gluten ikaika, maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana a he huahana nō hoʻi ia o ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me ka ʻoihana hānai.